Nanomaterials: an overview, zero, one and two-dimensional nanomaterials. Synthesis of nanomaterials: top-down and bottom-up approaches. Characterization of nanomaterials: characterization of nanomaterials using UV-Visible absorption spectroscopy (UV-Vis), photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), raman spectroscopy (Raman), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy (EPR), atomic force microscopy (AFM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta potential, BET surface area analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Properties of nanomaterials: mechanical, optical, electrical, and magnetic properties of nanomaterials. Application of nanomaterials: case studies on various applications such as energy storage devices, sensing, cancer therapy and anti-bacterial activity. Problems and challenges associated withnanomaterials.